The bitcoin mining industry is undergoing a significant transformation as it matures into more institutional structures. Nima Beni of Bitlease argues against fears regarding the sustainability of transaction fees, emphasizing that current fee levels don’t reflect long-term dynamics. Challenging the Security Budget Deficit The transition of the bitcoin mining industry into a mature, institutional era […]
1inch Launches Campaign to Push DeFi into US University Curricula
The campaign includes an open letter to the deans and faculty of major U.S. business and law schools, co-signed by 20+ leading DeFi orgs.
1inch, the decentralized exchange aggregator with about $3 million in total value locked (TVL), has launched 1inch Forward, a DeFi education campaign across universities in the United States. According to a press release shared with The Defiant, the initiative was unveiled today, March 18, at the DC Blockchain Summit and is aimed at preparing students for a future career in decentralized finance.
Central to the campaign is an open letter to the deans and faculty councils of major U.S. business and law schools, co-signed by more than twenty crypto and DeFi organizations including the Blockchain Association, DeFi Education Fund, Aave Labs, Messari, Delphi Digital, and ETHGlobal.
The letter argues that DeFi and the tech behind it has long moved past its experimental phase — adopted by BlackRock, Franklin Templeton, JPMorgan, and the NYSE itself — yet most curricula still treat the subject as a fringe elective.
The coalition proposes four additions: blockchain architecture and decentralized technology applications as a core module; instruction on DeFi mechanisms like automated market makers and smart contract risk; digital asset regulatory frameworks; and hands-on engagement with live DeFi systems and on-chain data.
The broader 1inch Forward campaign also includes a campus tour of several institutions starting on March 27 at the University of Pennsylvania, with stops at Yale, Cornell Tech, Indiana University, Harvard, Stanford, and the University of Michigan across 2026 — featuring panels, mentorship, and one-on-one career sessions with 1inch staff.
Blockchain Job Searches Surge
1inch’s own analysis of Google search data, also included in today’s announcement, shows rapidly growing U.S. workforce interest in the space.
Comparing data from the past two years, searches for “Blockchain Jobs” rose 84% year-on-year, while “Crypto Jobs” more than doubled at +133%. At the specialist end, “DeFi Developer Jobs” searches nearly quadrupled, up 269%, and “Learn Blockchain Skills” climbed 44%.
“The 84% surge in blockchain job searches shows the next generation is already looking toward careers in the future of finance,” said 1inch co-founder Sergej Kunz.
The campaign lands as DeFi’s institutional footprint has become impossible to ignore. As The Defiant reported previously, 2025 marked a turning point for crypto adoption among TradFi institutions, with BlackRock, JPMorgan and others all launching on-chain products — including BlackRock bringing its $3B BUIDL fund directly into DeFi.
With analysts flagging 2026 as the year DeFi goes fully mainstream, the question 1inch and the broader coalition of leading DeFi companies is placing before academia is how prepared U.S. graduates will be for the shift.
This article was written with the assistance of AI workflows. All our stories are curated, edited and fact-checked by a human.
Crypto Exchange Kucoin Partners With Tomorrowland Winter for Alpine Festival Launch
Kucoin will launch immersive activations at Tomorrowland Winter 2026, scheduled for March 21–28 in Alpe d’Huez, France. The festival will feature renowned artists like Steve Aoki and Dimitri Vegas. Bridging Digital Finance and Global Culture Cryptocurrency exchange platform Kucoin is set to debut a series of immersive activations at the electronic music festival Tomorrowland Winter […]
ACI Worldwide Unifies Global Payments with Cloud-Native ACI Connetic for Cards
Despite the rapid global rise of real-time account-to-account transfers, traditional cards continue to heavily dominate the commerce landscape. Fuelled by the widespread adoption of contactless technology, persistent e-commerce growth, and the ongoing digitisation of business-to-business transactions, global card transactions totalled 776 billion in 2024. According to the Nilson Report, this figure is projected to reach an staggering 1.1 trillion annually by 2029, representing a 43 per cent increase over a five-year period.
Against this high-growth backdrop, global payments technology leader ACI Worldwide has launched ACI Connetic for Cards. This next-generation card modernisation suite is built directly within ACI Connetic, the industry’s first unified cloud-native payments hub. The newly launched suite brings together card issuing, acquiring, and ATM and self-service operations into a single, highly modular system. Crucially, the platform is enhanced by embedded, real-time AI-powered fraud intelligence to strengthen protection across every single transaction.
Modernising mission-critical infrastructure
Currently, ACI’s market-leading solutions process more than 300 billion card transactions annually. ACI Connetic for Cards advances this proven capability by unifying the firm’s global strengths onto one next-generation platform. The enterprise-grade suite supports the full transaction lifecycle of every payment. It captures and authenticates data across all channels, intelligently routes transactions to the appropriate hosts or networks, and securely authorises and clears payments to support final settlement between institutions. By unifying these mission-critical functions, the platform provides the necessary scale, resiliency, and advanced functionality required to modernise card operations and drive continuous business growth.
As global card usage continues its upward trajectory, banks are being forced to reassess how well their existing legacy platforms can support future demand. ACI notes that having a clear modernisation plan, executed at a pace that makes sense for each individual institution, is now critical.
Industry perspectives on cloud-native agility

Thomas Warsop, CEO and president of ACI Worldwide, highlighted the strategic importance of this launch. He stated that when the company initially introduced ACI Connetic, it set a new benchmark for how banks operate within the digital economy. Warsop explained that with ACI Connetic for Cards, they are bringing that same high standard to the heart of retail payments by modernising the critical issuing, acquiring, and ATM capabilities that banks depend on. Ultimately, it gives institutions a future-ready foundation that improves agility by opening a low-risk path to new services and continuous innovation.
Bill Farris, head of issuing and acquiring at ACI Worldwide, echoed these sentiments, noting that banks desperately need payments infrastructure that can evolve without elevating their risk profiles. Farris emphasized that this modern infrastructure is built to evolve at the exact pace customers require without ever risking stability.
Financial institutions are increasingly turning to these unified, cloud-native architectures to streamline operations and drive faster innovation across all payment types. Peter Hüftlein, head of product accounts at Solaris SE, praised the platform’s unified approach. He shared that the system supports Solaris in simplifying operations, accelerating change, and innovating across payment types with far greater control.
Introduced in 2025, ACI Connetic originally combined account-to-account payments, card payments, and AI-driven fraud prevention. The platform has maintained strong momentum through 2026 with new deployments, and this latest card-focused expansion builds directly upon that continuous progress.
Coalition Urges OpenAI to Scrap AI Ballot Measure Over Child Safety Concerns
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Aster Deepens WLFI Partnership With USD1 Perpetual Markets
The perpetuals exchange is promoting WLFI’s stablecoin as a trading asset ahead of the Aster Chain Layer 1 launch.
Aster, the decentralized perpetuals exchange backed by YZi Labs, is expanding its collaboration with World Liberty Financial, the DeFi project affiliated with the Trump family, adding USD1-denominated perpetual contracts and an incentive program aimed at bootstrapping stablecoin liquidity ahead of the platform’s Layer 1 launch.
The exchange is starting with BTC, ETH, and SOL pairs, with more than 10 additional pairs planned in the coming weeks. USD1 is also supported as a core margin asset and collateral equivalent to USDT, and Aster is offering zero maker fees and a 0.5-bps taker fee on USD1 pairs, an approximately 87.5% reduction compared to its standard 4-bps USDT taker fee.
Up to 2.5 million WLFI tokens will be distributed monthly through the USD1 perpetual trading incentive program based on trading activity, with rewards distributed weekly.
Donald Trump Jr., co-founder of World Liberty Financial, promoted the launch on X, saying, “This is how you scale stablecoin utility beyond just payments.”
“Aster Chain’s success depends on the depth of its underlying liquidity,” said Leonard, CEO of Aster. “By bringing USD1 into our core trading engine during this phase, we’re building the trading foundation for the Aster Chain launch.”
ASTER is trading at around $0.70, down 10% in the past 24 hours to a market cap of approximately $1.7 billion, per CoinGecko. WLFI is down 3.5% over the same period.
Aster originally launched as ApolloX in 2021 and rebranded following a merger with Astherus in December 2024. The platform is incubated by YZi Labs, previously Binance’s venture arm, and received a high-profile boost when Binance co-founder CZ began promoting it on X, sending its token on a roughly 40x run.
Aster is currently the second-largest perp DEX by open interest after Hyperliquid, according to DeFiLlama, and recently launched the genesis phase of Aster Chain, a privacy-focused Layer 1 that uses ZK proofs to keep trades private by default.
82% of insurers say AI will define their future, but only 14% have integrated it
AutoRek’s 2026 Insurance Report reveals a widening gap between AI ambition and execution, compounded by lengthening settlement cycles and deep-rooted data fragmentation
Most insurers agree that AI will reshape the industry, but very few have operationalized it. New research from AutoRek finds that 82% of insurers believe AI will dominate the industry’s future, yet only 14% have fully integrated it into their financial operations. At the same time, 44% of firms face settlement periods exceeding 60 days, and 14% of operational budgets are going toward correcting errors caused by manual processes.
AutoRek’s 2026 Insurance Report, based on 250 interviews with insurance and healthcare insurance managers across the UK and U.S., points to a growing performance gap between firms modernizing their back offices and those still running on fragmented systems and manual workflows.
“Insurers know where the industry is heading. The challenge is that most haven’t translated that awareness into operational change. Settlement cycles are lengthening, data environments are getting more complex, and the firms that have already embedded automation into their financial operations are pulling ahead. The longer firms wait to modernize, the harder it becomes to close that gap,” said Tony Shek, Insurance Sector Lead at AutoRek.
Settlement strain meets stalled AI adoption
Settlement cycles continue to lengthen under volume pressure. Firms processing more than 10 million transactions annually average 59-day settlement periods, compared to 52 days for smaller peers. Spreadsheet reliance (46%), high transaction volumes (41%) and fragmented data (41%) were identified as the primary drivers of delay. With transaction volumes expected to grow by 28.7% over the next two years, these pressures will only intensify.
AI adoption, meanwhile, remains deeply uneven across the sector. 6% of firms report no AI usage at all, and the barriers to progress are well documented. Legacy system integration challenges (42%), fragmented data environments (39%) and a shortage of in-house AI expertise (40%) are holding firms back. Over half describe their data governance frameworks as early-stage or developing, raising questions about how effectively AI can be deployed at scale.
Data fragmentation adds to the urgency
Insurers manage an average of 17 data sources feeding their premium processes, and 54% cite different systems and data architectures as the biggest post-merger integration roadblock. This level of fragmentation makes it difficult to layer on automation, without a trusted partner, or absorb new business through M&A without introducing additional operational risk.
The findings suggest that the industry recognizes the need to act. Half of firms are now prioritizing AI and machine learning, 42% are focusing on automation of back- and middle-office functions, and 51% say regulatory requirements are driving their modernization decisions.
Breez SDK Launches Passkey Login For Seedless Bitcoin Wallets
Breez, a lightning service provider and Bitcoin software lab, has introduced Passkey Login into its Breez SDK. The feature allows developers to build self-custodial wallets that use passkeys for authentication and key derivation, eliminating the traditional seed phrase requirement during normal use.
Seed phrase support remains available for users who prefer it, keeping backwards compatibility with industry standards, but removing the “speed bump” in Bitcoin wallets, which prompts users to back up their 12 words.
Breez explained the rationale behind this new feature in a press release shared with Bitcoin Magazine: “The seed phrase has been a barrier to self-custody since day one. It’s what scares normies away from keeping their own bitcoin, and it’s a legitimate reason why people accept the counterparty risk of exchanges and custodial apps.” Adding that “Passkey Login doesn’t eliminate the tradeoffs of self-custody, but it reframes them around something people already understand and use, namely the same biometric authentication that protects their banking app and their password manager. For most users, that’s a much more intuitive security model than a piece of paper in a drawer.”
Passkeys: Per-Site Key Pairs in Modern Hardware
Passkeys — a fairly new security standard that is gaining broad adoption online — are cryptographic credentials based on the FIDO2 WebAuthn standard, jointly promoted by Apple, Google, Microsoft, and the FIDO Alliance since 2022. Each passkey consists of a unique public-private key pair generated for a specific website or application.
The private key remains stored in the secure element or similar hardware on the user’s device, such as Apple’s Secure Enclave, Android’s Titan chip, Windows TPM, external security keys like YubiKey or the user’s password manager.
Normal online Passkeys resemble the original Bitcoin wallet.dat file introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto in his early releases of the Bitcoin client, where private keys are stored locally to the user’s device, while public keys are shared with third parties.
However, the FIDO2 standard implements this private-public key idea in a more standardised and modern way. Websites send a challenge to the user, referencing the user’s known public key for that account. The challenge message is signed by the user’s private key, authenticating their identity in a privacy-preserving way. Each service gets a different public key for the same user, so data compromised on one website does not leak data that can be used to access other websites, nor does it contain any user-identifying data.
FIDO2 is now widely adopted, it leverages device secure elements, integrates with password managers (e.g., iCloud Keychain, Google Password Manager), browsers, and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) WebAuthn API. Authentication occurs via challenge-response signing, with the private key bound to the domain to resist phishing.
Passkeys support biometric unlock (Face ID, fingerprint, PIN) and sync across devices within an ecosystem (e.g., via iCloud or Google)—over a billion activations reported by the FIDO Alliance as of mid-2025, with support on major platforms and many top websites.
FIDO2 was not Good Enough for Bitcoin Wallets
Standard passkeys excel at authentication (proving identity to a service) but were missing key functionality needed by the modern Bitcoin industry.
Bitcoin self-custody typically relies on a single source of entropy (seed phrase) to generate all addresses and keys in a deterministic way, via standards like BIP-39. Users expect those 12 words alone to be enough to recover all balances and accounts on a Bitcoin wallet. The Passkey standard needed to be extended to support this use case.
Breez’s Solution: Leveraging the PRF Extension
Breez addresses this by using the Pseudo-Random Function (PRF) extension in WebAuthn Level 3. PRF enables a passkey to produce a deterministic cryptographic output for any given input during authentication.
As described in Breez’s announcement materials, “That’s what the PRF extension of WebAuthn solves, and it’s the key ingredient in Passkey Login. PRF is a newer capability, part of the WebAuthn Level 3 spec, that lets your passkey produce a deterministic cryptographic output for any given input. Same passkey, same input, same output. Always. The passkey never leaves your device’s secure enclave.”
Device Loss and Recovery
If a device is lost, recovery depends on the platform used to store the passkey. Synced passkeys — via iCloud Keychain, Google Password Manager, etc — restore on a new device after regaining access to the associated account.
Breez provides an optional backwards-compatible path: users can export a normal 12-word, BIP-39 mnemonic for their wallet, so they can recover their account in other Bitcoin wallets, following industry standards. The press release adds that “Passkeys also aren’t fully interoperable across platforms yet. If you ever need to move to a platform or wallet that doesn’t support passkeys, you have a standard seed phrase to fall back on.”
The full technical specification for Passkey Login is public, and a reference app called Glow demonstrates the feature. Breez positions this as a step toward making Bitcoin self-custody more accessible by aligning with familiar biometric authentication used in banking and password managers, while preserving non-custodial control. Developers integrating the Breez SDK can now offer onboarding without the traditional “write down these words” step for supported environments.
The full technical specification for Passkey Login is public, and our reference app Glow is already running it, and it’s now available for all the Breez SDK devs to use.
Fold Revenue Rises 8% in Q4 Amid Continued BTC Rewards Push
Bitcoin financial services firm Fold reported a 8% surge in revenue in Q4 to $9 million as it gained another 2,000 customers and rolled out more products aimed at integrating Bitcoin reward schemes into consumer spending.
The results come just weeks after it released a Fold Bitcoin Rewards Credit Card, a Visa and Stripe-powered product, offering users cashback and rewards.
During Fold’s Q4 and 2025 full-year earnings call on Tuesday, CEO Will Reeves said they believe that “Bitcoin rewards will overtake the airline miles as the preferred consumer reward in the US.”
“That means that these card programs and our card program needs to scale to millions of cardholders,” Reeves said, adding that better risk and fraud controls must be implemented before it can “really open the floodgates” for mass adoption.
Coinbase, Gemini, Swan Bitcoin and River Financial are among the other crypto platforms offering Bitcoin (BTC) credit card rewards in the US.
Despite the optimism, Fold recorded a 3% year-on-year fall in transaction volume to $215 million and an operating loss of $6 million, contributing to a full-year net loss of $69.6 million for 2025, the company reported in its latest financial statement.
However, Reeves said Fold still hit its goals in its first full year as a public company, stating:
“We continued to add customers and expand our platform while building the foundation to scale a Bitcoin-native financial services ecosystem across multiple interconnected product lines.”
Fold’s more recent products include Fold for Business, enabling companies to include Bitcoin in payroll, bonuses, and corporate financial programs.
One of its most notable partners is Steak ‘n Shake, which accepts Bitcoin and pays employees bonuses in Bitcoin.
Reeves noted that Fold has strengthened its balance sheet by “extinguishing our two outstanding convertible debt instruments.”
This “removes structural overhang and directs financing solely to the growth of our operating businesses,” he said.
“With the credit card now live, the launch of an enterprise product, and a cleaner capital structure in place, 2026 is about scaling what we’ve built across customer acquisition, engagement, cross-sell, and retention.”
Fold has been selling Bitcoin
Despite Reeves’ confidence for the remainder of 2026, Fold has nearly sliced its Bitcoin treasury in half.
Its holdings, which stood at 1,527 BTC at the end of last year, have dropped to 827 BTC as of March 17.
FLD shares continue to slide
The Bitcoin selloff comes as Fold (FLD) shares have now fallen 59% so far in 2026 and 83.8% over the last 12 months, Google Finance data shows.
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FLD rose in after-hours on Tuesday after its results came out, increasing 13.4% to $1.27.
However, the company’s shares then fell 4.46% on Wednesday, sending its share price back to $1.07.

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BTC remains down sharply as Fed stays on hold
The Federal Reserve held its benchmark fed funds rate range steady at 3.50%-3.75% on Wednesday, as expected.
Down nearly 4% ahead of the anticipated decision following a surge in oil prices and poor inflation data earlier on Wednesday, bitcoin remained sharply lower at $71,600 in the moments following the news.
U.S. stocks remain lower for the day, with the Nasdaq and S&P 500 each down by 0.55%. The 10-year Treasury yield remains higher by a tick at 4.21%.
“The implications of developments in the Middle East for the U.S. economy are uncertain,” said the central bank in its accompanying statement.
The vote to hold policy steady was 11-1, with Stephen Miran voting to trim rates by 25 basis points.
The Fed also updated its economic projections. Of particular note was a sizable rise in inflation expectations — now seen at 2.7% for 2026 versus 2.4% previously. Inflation, however, is expected to drop to 2.2% in 2027 against 2.1% projected earlier.
The so-called “dot plot” continues to show expectations for one 25-basis-point rate cut in 2026 and one more in 2027.
The U.S. central bank must balance what appears to be a slowing employment market with inflation that remains well above its 2% target. Adding to that is the March attack against Iran, which has sent the price of oil to nearly $100 per barrel versus less than $60 earlier this year.
Investors will now turn their attention to Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell’s post-meeting press conference at 2:30 pm ET for further insight into the central bank’s outlook.
