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Autonomous AI Agents Pose Crypto Financial Risks

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Autonomous AI Agents Pose Crypto Financial Risks

Artificial intelligence agents that have autonomous access to crypto wallets could become unstoppable if deployed maliciously or if they escape from sandboxes, experts from a leading academic research consortium warned.

“Unstoppable Autonomous Agents” (UAAs) pose a clear threat if they are deployed to persist automatically and have access to digital assets, according to a June 8 industry review written by 25 academics and experts from top US universities for the Initiative for Cryptocurrencies and Contracts (IC3).

“When combined systematically, crypto tools can channel AI’s fluid power into secure, reliable, and highly autonomous systems,” the researchers wrote. However, this combination could have “far-reaching consequences for users and the financial system,” they added. 

UAAs may also be equipped with access to cryptocurrency wallets, social media accounts, APIs, and other external tools, said the researchers.

“The capabilities enabling such agents are already emerging and improving rapidly.” 

The warning comes as crypto projects and executives have been pushing the agentic payment and micropayment economy narrative this year, suggesting it could be the biggest use case for decentralized digital assets. 

AI self-replication alarm bells

The paper also revealed that existing models can already “surpass self-replication red lines” in local environments, by autonomously creating a live, separate copy of themselves on the same machine, “a capability that could let a system evade shutdown and proliferate.”

Because reward signals used in training often fail to perfectly capture the intended objectives, “UAAs deployed for benign purposes may inadvertently cause harm,” or pursue resource acquisition as a default strategy, they said. 

However, the authors noted that models have yet to replicate themselves onto external infrastructure.

Potential AI agent insider trading advantages 

A fleet of self-replicating, resource-acquiring agents could also create unpredictable demand and liquidity dynamics in crypto markets. 

“AI-powered trading systems could enable collusion between autonomous agents and create unfair insider advantages through opaque strategies.”

Related: China already has compute to train its own Mythos-like AI: Nvidia CEO

The tech sector is already dealing with difficult questions about the threat of unmitigated AI. 

Models such as Anthropic’s Claude Mythos have already been shown to be capable of finding and exploiting zero-day vulnerabilities in major operating systems. 

Meanwhile, Gartner warned in late May that governance failures around autonomous AI agents could trigger widespread enterprise failures, predicting 40% of companies will be forced to decommission their agents by 2027. 

“The harms that could follow from fully autonomous agents of this kind are severe,” the researchers said, suggesting circuit breaker guardrails.

Professor Ari Juels, IC3 co-director and Chainlink Labs chief scientist, presents the paper at ETHConf. Source: IC3

Magazine: Vietnam preps crypto pilot, HK pushes tokenization: Asia Express

BTC price bounce is no bullish revival, with anything from $68,000 to $80,000 seen as a marker: Crypto Daily

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BTC price bounce is no bullish revival, with anything from $68,000 to $80,000 seen as a marker: Crypto Daily

Bitcoin BTC$63,271.85 has carved out a relief bounce after plunging below $60,000 on Friday, but a bounce and a bullish revival are two very different things. The latter hinges on a couple of key price levels, according to analysts.

“The market has become oversold enough for sharp relief rallies, especially if inflation data softens and ETF outflows slow,” analysts at HEX Trust said in an email. “But the difference between a relief rally and a regime shift is acceptance … BTC needs [to retake] $79k-$80k.”

In other words, anything below $80,000 would be seen as a corrective bounce within the broader bear market that began last year. Only a move beyond that would signal the beginning of a new advance.

Their stance may be overly cautious, according to some observers.

“Technically, a recovery up to $68K could be viewed as a rebound from the downward momentum seen between 11 May and 5 June,” said Alex Kuptsikevich, the chief analyst at FxPro, hinting at a lower price level to beat for the bulls.

A rally even to these levels hinges on ETF flows and macro factors. The 11 spot bitcoin ETFs listed in the U.S. have processed redemptions over $5 billion in the past four weeks. On Monday, investors yanked another $91 million, according to data source SoSoValue.

These outflows need to meaningfully reverse for the bitcoin price to gain upward momentum. In addition, Wednesday’s U.S. inflation data may have to come in softer than expected, easing concerns the Fed will raise interest rates. The data is expected to show the cost of living topped 4% in May, well above the Fed’s 2% goal.

“The constructive path is conditional: inflation softens, Treasury yields stabilize, AI equities stop de-risking, BTC/ETH ETF outflows slow, and the market reclaims the key technical levels. Until then, the conclusion is deliberately simple: below the reclaim, there is no regime shift,” Hex Trust said. Stay alert!

Read more: For analysis of today’s activity in altcoins and derivatives, see Crypto Markets Today . For a comprehensive list of events this week, see CoinDesk’s “Crypto Week Ahead.”

What’s trending

Today’s signal

BTC’s price chart with the MACD histogram. (TradingView)

The chart shows bitcoin’s hourly price swings in candlestick format along with the MACD histogram in the lower pane, which shows trend changes and strength.

Prices are currently trading close to a trendline, which represents the mini-bounce from Friday’s low. A break of this trendline would mark the end of the bounce and open the path for a potential test of recent lows.

The negative MACD histogram suggests bearish momentum is strong, meaning the trendline support may not last long.

Strategy’s (MSTR) bitcoin purchase fails to stir BTC price: Crypto Markets Today

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Strategy’s (MSTR) bitcoin purchase fails to stir BTC price: Crypto Markets Today

The recovery in bitcoin BTC$63,271.85 stalled Tuesday even after Strategy (MSTR) bought more of the largest cryptocurrency following its end-May sale.

Bitcoin was recently trading near $62,600, little changed from Monday. This follows Sunday’s 4% bounce, which briefly took prices above $64,000 on some exchanges, including Coinbase.

Strategy, the largest publicly listed bitcoin holder, said Monday it had bought 1,550 BTC for $101 million, bringing its total stockpile to 845,256 coins. While that’s about 48 times the 32 BTC it sold in the final days of May, the purchase failed to stir the token’s price.

BTC’s immobility isn’t doing any good to the broader market either. The CoinDesk DeFi Select Index has dropped 1.8% in 24 hours and the CoinDesk 80 Index is down 1.3%.

The mood clearly remains risk-averse, with investors lacking conviction to chase upside.

“Bitcoin’s recent rebound shows there is still demand when prices pull back, but investors are not committing capital with the same level of confidence we saw earlier in the year,” Daniel Reis-Faria, CEO of ZeroStack, said in an email.

“While a lot of attention has been placed on Strategy’s buying activity, the bigger factor remains the broader economic environment. Investors are paying close attention to inflation and interest rate expectations ahead of next week’s FOMC meeting, as these factors influence how much risk they’re willing to take across all asset classes, including crypto,” Reis-Faria said.

Derivatives positioning

  • Total crypto futures volume slipped 1.3% to $190.7 billion in 24 hours while open interest held largely flat around $103 billion. Liquidations crashed 48% to $301 million, a sign that the most aggressive leverage has already been flushed from the system.
  • ZEC is the standout in futures markets. Open interest has climbed roughly 5% to 2.47 million tokens, the highest since May 26, as the token trades at $472, sharply recovering from lows under $300 last week.
  • Its 24-hour cumulative volume delta (CVD) is positive, meaning buyers are driving price action with market orders rather than passive limit orders. The catch is that annualized perpetual funding rates remain deeply negative at around -45%, meaning shorts are still firmly in control of positioning. That sets up a potential short squeeze should prices continue rising, as bears face mounting costs to hold their positions.
  • Open interest in WLD remains just shy of last week’s record 963.6 million tokens, signaling elevated positioning and heightened potential for price volatility. Bitcoin and ether open interest are steady near Monday levels.
  • The 24-hour CVD for most major coins, including bitcoin and ether, is negative, meaning bears are leading price action across the broader market.
  • BVIV and EVIV — bitcoin and ether’s 30-day implied volatility indexes — continue their retreats from Friday’s highs, suggesting panic is ebbing. But front-week implied volatility in both is sharply elevated, pointing to heightened expectations around Wednesday’s U.S. CPI release.
  • On Deribit, the $60,000 put remains a focal point and is among the most actively traded strikes across multiple expiries in the past 24 hours. The one-week risk reversal is heavily skewed toward puts, with BTC puts trading at an 8 vol point premium to calls, a persistent signal that fears of a deeper price selloff have not gone away.

Token talk

  • Humanity Protocol’s H token crashed more than 80% after attackers stole the private keys — the secret codes that control crypto wallets — of a Humanity Foundation member and drained more than $32 million from about 17 wallets, with losses still climbing.
  • The token fell from about $0.67 to near $0.13 and briefly touched $0.05, a 24-hour drop of roughly 90%.
  • The theft is still in progress. The attacker has been selling the stolen H for ether and minted another 100 million H, worth about $11 million, on BNB Chain, pointing to more selling pressure ahead.
  • Humanity, a palm-scan identity project that pitches itself as a rival to WLD$0.5038, told users to stop touching its bridge and liquidity pools while it works with security firms and exchanges.
  • The attack fits the dominant 2026 pattern of thieves going after keys rather than code. Solana’s Drift lost about $285 million in April after attackers seized an administrative key, and Kelp DAO lost roughly $292 million the same month through a single-validator bridge.
  • Sahara AI’s SAHARA fell about 60% to roughly $0.016, near its all-time low of $0.01355. About $215 million changed hands against a market cap near $49 million, turnover more than four times the token’s size and the mark of a capitulation event.
  • Unlike Humanity, Sahara said there were no security issues with its contracts or products, the same line it posted verbatim on Nov. 29, 2025, when the token fell from about 7 cents to 4 cents. It blamed a pre-scheduled 600 million token transfer to its Chainlink cross-chain bridge and said team and investor allocations are untouched on-chain.
  • SAHARA is now down roughly 75% since its June 2025 debut.

Bitcoin Futures Reset As Buyers Step In Near $59K

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Bitcoin Futures Reset As Buyers Step In Near $59K

Bitcoin (BTC) rallied toward $64,000 on Monday, but futures market activity was lagging, which may be a sign that the rebound could lose momentum. Traders placed nearly $162 million in buy orders between $57,000 and $59,000, forming one of the largest visible liquidity clusters below the current pricing, potentially setting the stage for BTC’s next move. 

Bitcoin rebound follows a leverage reset

Bitcoin’s recovery coincided with a decline in futures market activity. Futures data shows that the aggregated open interest fell to 255,000 BTC from 282,000 BTC during the selloff and even though Bitcoin has recovered from its drop to $59,000, the open interest remains well below last week’s peak.

BTC price, spot and futures CVD and funding rate. Source: Velo chart

The funding rate has also turned slightly positive at 0.0013 after briefly dipping below zero. The move shows futures traders are leaning long, but leverage remains relatively muted compared with levels seen before the decline.

Spot market activity is also a minor sign of stabilization. The aggregated spot cumulative volume delta (CVD), which tracks the balance between aggressive buyers and sellers, has improved by 11,000 BTC since last Friday. The shift points to a slowdown in aggressive selling after several weeks of persistent distribution.

Crypto trader Max Trades reached a similar conclusion, noting that open interest cooled noticeably during the bounce while funding flipped slightly positive. According to the analyst, the move appears to be driven in part by short positions being closed rather than aggressive new longs entering the market.

Likewise, Alphractal CEO Joao Wedson said Bitcoin has exited an “extreme leverage” phase and moved into moderate leverage territory following last week’s liquidations. 

Wedson added that the market has not yet reached historical levels associated with extreme deleveraging, a zone that has often offered stronger accumulation opportunities.

Bitcoin: leverage pressure zone. Source: CryptoQuant

Related: Bitcoin price $60K support not yet safe as more macro headwinds stack up

BTC liquidity clusters below $60,000

Data shows that the dip buyers have placed approximately 2,565 BTC in bid liquidity between $57,000 and $59,000. At current prices near $63,300, those buy orders are worth $162 million.

Bid liquidity refers to limit buy orders waiting below the market price. If Bitcoin trades into those levels, the orders may absorb selling pressure and support a rebound if demand outweighs available supply.

BTC bid liquidity below $60,000. Source: Velo Chart

Market analyst exitpump highlighted a similar concentration on Binance’s spot order book, noting that the thick liquidity below $60,000 may lead to consolidation and further open interest resets.

Meanwhile, trader LP NXT pointed to a six-week pattern in which Monday pivot highs and lows have consistently been followed by the opposite pivot on Wednesday. A Monday high has typically preceded a midweek low and relief rally, while a Monday low has often led to a Wednesday high and renewed price weakness. 

The streak currently stands at six-for-six, placing additional focus on this week’s midweek price action as Bitcoin trades between the support liquidity below $60,000 and resistance near $64,000.

BTC trend analysis by LP. Source: X

Related: ‘Best thesis’ for Bitcoin accumulation surfaces despite current downside risk: Analyst

Bitcoin can drop to $30,000 but Strategy won’t sell, BTC miner says

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Bitcoin can drop to $30,000 but Strategy won’t sell, BTC miner says

Bitcoin BTC$63,271.85 can drop down to $30,000 but still won’t impact Strategy’s BTC plans.

That’s from Jiang Zhuoer, chief executive of BTC.TOP, one of China’s largest bitcoin mining pools, who shared on X that Strategy is unlikely to sell much of its bitcoin, pushing back on a week of speculation that the company offloaded coins to meet its obligations.

The talk built after an on-chain analyst estimated that about 45,000 bitcoin, worth roughly $3 billion, left a Fidelity custody wallet between May 28 and June 1, and suggested Strategy had sold the coins gradually at an average near $66,000.

That wallet also holds Fidelity’s bitcoin and ether exchange-traded funds, so tying the outflow to Strategy is an inference rather than a confirmed sale. Jiang, writing on Sunday (in Mandarin), called the speculation overblown.

His case rests on Strategy’s balance sheet. The company’s debt equals only about 5% of its assets, he said, and would climb to just 10% even if bitcoin fell to $30,000 from around $62,900 now. He sees little reason for the company to break the never-sell-bitcoin image that underpins its market story.

Jiang also defended the logic behind STRC, the preferred shares Strategy sells to raise cash, which pay an 11.5% annual dividend in monthly installments.

Selling its oldest and cheapest bitcoin lets Strategy book an accounting profit that can fund those payments, he argued, while money raised from new STRC sales buys fresh bitcoin.

As long as purchases outpace sales, Strategy stays a net buyer. The bigger point, he said, is that STRC holders’ main fear was that Strategy would refuse to sell bitcoin and default on the dividend, so signaling it is willing to sell actually removes that worry.

Others in the discussion were less convinced, arguing that a long bear market would swell Strategy’s interest bill and force larger bitcoin sales no matter what management intends.

Bitcoin traded near $63,400 on Monday, according to CoinDesk data, down nearly 10% in the past week after Strategy reported its first bitcoin sale since 2022.

BTC above $63,000 as some peg SpaceX’s IPO as ‘next catalyst’

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BTC above $63,000 as some peg SpaceX’s IPO as ‘next catalyst’

For all the focus on bitcoin’s order flow, the event that decides the next move might just be sitting in equities.

Major market-maker Wintermute said in a Tuesday note that a catalyst for bitcoin and the broader crypto market is SpaceX’s stock market debut on June 12.

The listing is gauge of retail and risk appetite. If investors absorb the deal well, it reads as a good sign for crypto. Wintermute said, that points to exhaustion across risk assets and would be bearish for the whole complex.

Wintermute said last week’s drop was about a missing bid, not Strategy’s bitcoin sale.

On its over-the-counter desk, where large trades happen off exchanges, retail had been selling for a while and moving into stocks. US institutions were offloading the bitcoin they bought a month ago.

Wintermute added some of the recent selling in AI stocks looks like investors raising cash for a run of huge IPOs, with SpaceX first. The money going into those deals has to come from somewhere, and right now some of it is leaving crypto and tech.

There is also no chart to lean on, however. Bitcoin never traded much between $50,000 and $59,000 on the way up in 2024, so there are no real support levels underneath.

Bitcoin traded near $63,000 on Tuesday, according to CoinDesk data, down about 14% over the past week. SpaceX prices on June 11 and begins trading the next day.

USDT’s dominance rate flashed a golden cross, which may be bad news for the bitcoin (BTC) price

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USDT’s dominance rate flashed a golden cross, which may be bad news for the bitcoin (BTC) price

A popular signal that confirms sustained bullish shifts in market momentum just appeared on the dominance chart for Tether’s USDT, the world’s largest stablecoin by market capitalization.

That may not be good news for bitcoin BTC$63,271.85, the largest cryptocurrency.

USDT’s dominance rate, which measures its share of the total crypto market cap, is sporting a golden crossover, a technical signal that indicates the dollar-pegged token’s allocation may increase in the weeks ahead.

That’s a negative signal for bitcoin because it implies crypto market participants are shifting their funds into a token whose value doesn’t fluctuate against the dollar, rather than piling into riskier investments.

To understand why, it helps first to grasp USDT’s role in crypto markets.

At $186.84 billion, the Tether-issued token trails only bitcoin and ether (ETH) in market cap. It is designed to trade 1:1 against the U.S. dollar and is widely seen as a dollar-equivalent asset, a sort-of tokenized version of the greenback.

Funding currency of choice

It has become the preferred funding currency of choice, investors use it to purchase coins and for DeFi lending and borrowing strategies.

Its dominance rate tends to rise when the price of bitcoin falls, reflecting capital rotation out of more speculative investments into dollar equivalents, a classic risk-off move, much like in traditional finance.

Last week offered a clear glimpse of that dynamic. USDT’s dominance rate surged 13.5% to 9%, the biggest single-day jump since March 2025, as the bitcoin price fell almost 14%, briefly dipping below $60,000.

The golden cross, in which the 50-week moving average overtakes the 200-week average, suggests this rotation may not be over because it’s a sign that momentum in USDT’s share of market cap is becoming more bullish.

In other words, risk aversion across the broader crypto market could deepen, driving continued capital flows into USDT.

It is worth noting that the capital sitting in the stablecoin may not simply be waiting for the right moment to re-enter the market. Investors may convert their holdings to fiat and leave the crypto market altogether.

That appears to be what happened last week. While USDT’s dominance rose sharply, its market cap fell for a third consecutive week. That combination suggests a meaningful portion of the capital did not stay there. More likely, it left the crypto market entirely.

The golden cross arrives alongside bitcoin’s worst weekly performance in months, persistent outflows from spot U.S. exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and growing competition from AI stocks for institutional capital.

That confluence of events paints a consistent picture. The appetite for crypto risk is genuinely cooling, not just pausing.

Until USDT’s dominance starts reversing, signaling capital rotating back into risk assets, the path of least resistance for bitcoin and the broader market may remain to the downside.

Coinbase (COIN) and Cardless unveil credit card backed by stablecoins

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Coinbase (COIN) and Cardless unveil credit card backed by stablecoins

Cardless, a firm that has facilitated credit cards for brands like Qatar Airways and Alibaba, said it developed a payment card in conjunction with crypto exchange Coinbase (COIN) for stablecoin holders who are unable to obtain one through traditional channels.

The Coinbase stablecoin-secured product is for situations where a regular credit card cannot be approved on an unsecured basis, but the applicant holds digital assets on the exchange, said Cardless co-founder Michael Spelfogel. Some of their stablecoin holdings are set aside as collateral against the debt.

“People apply from all different parts of the credit spectrum,” Spelfogel said in an interview. “There are some people that want to use this method because they believe in cryptocurrency, but they’re just beginning their journeys and accumulating wealth.”

Cardholders, who pay $49.99 for the privilege, still earn yield on their sequestered USDC holdings, Spelfogel said.

The product builds on a partnership that started in September, when the firms introduced a Coinbase-branded card in association with American Express (AXP). That card offered up to 4% cashback in bitcoin BTC$63,271.85. Cardless declined to say how many of the cards have been issued.

Traditional credit programs are slow-moving, rigid systems designed around banks that left billions on the table because companies never had the tools to design credit on their own terms, according to Cardless.

Crypto Groups Push Senate on CLARITY Act Vote

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Crypto Groups Push Senate on CLARITY Act Vote

More than 200 crypto companies and organizations have urged the US Senate to pass the CLARITY Act, amid concerns that continued stalling could see it miss an important legislative window.

In a letter on Monday shared by crypto lobby group Stand With Crypto, the group called on Senate Majority Leader John Thune and Minority Leader Chuck Schumer “to bring the Clarity Act to the Senate floor without delay.”

It said the Senate Banking Committee’s vote last month to pass the bill took “months of serious, bipartisan work” and the Senate should “build on that momentum and give members the opportunity to advance durable market structure legislation.”

The bill would outline how the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission would regulate crypto, but it has stalled multiple times in the Senate this year as lawmakers and lobbyists have disagreed on its provisions.

Source: Stand With Crypto

Banking groups have pushed for the bill to include a ban on platforms offering stablecoin yields, while the crypto industry has lobbied to include protections for developers of decentralized crypto platforms, both sparking months of negotiations between the groups. 

The letter, signed by the lobby groups Stand With Crypto, The Digital Chamber, the Blockchain Association, and the Crypto Council for Innovation, said the bill would keep crypto jobs, investment and market activity in the US and make the country a “global leader in digital asset innovation.”

“Digital asset markets are global, growing, and central to the future of financial infrastructure,” the letter said. “The question before Congress is whether that future will be built in the United States — under U.S. law, U.S. oversight, and American values — or continue moving to offshore jurisdictions with less transparency, weaker consumer protections, and limited accountability.”

Related: Crypto’s CLARITY Act faces partisan fight over ethics on Senate floor

The Senate has yet to schedule floor time for the bill ahead of the midterm elections in November, which has led analysts to drop their odds of the bill passing this year.

Galaxy Digital said on Friday that it lowered its odds of the bill passing in 2026 to 60% from 75%, saying it must pass the Senate before the August recess in late July, as “after that, the window effectively closes.”

The Senate Agriculture and Banking Committees passed their versions of the bill concerning commodities and securities laws, and each of those needs to be married up before being put to the Senate for debate.

Lawmakers have also flagged the bill needs amendments around ethics and policing illicit finance if it is to receive support for the at least 60 votes required for the legislation to pass without prolonged debate.

Senator Cynthia Lummis, who has worked to advance the bill, told CNBC on Wednesday that lawmakers are addressing the issues of ethics and illicit finance that could see it lose support on the floor.

Galaxy said it has not seen information showing that the bill, or negotiations around it, have advanced, or that the provisions at issue have been resolved.

Magazine: Will the CLARITY Act be good — or bad — for DeFi?

Crypto Coalition Of Over 200 Companies Presses Senate Leaders To Bring Clarity Act To Floor

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Crypto Coalition Of Over 200 Companies Presses Senate Leaders To Bring Clarity Act To Floor

Stand With Crypto and more than 200 companies and organizations sent a letter to Senate Majority Leader John Thune and Minority Leader Chuck Schumer on June 7, urging them to schedule the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act for a full Senate vote.

The letter — signed by executives and representatives from some of the most recognized names in digital finance — frames the moment as a test of American leadership in the global race to govern digital asset markets. 

Signatories include Coinbase, Circle, Ripple, Kraken, Andreessen Horowitz, Binance.US, Multicoin Capital, Riot Platforms, and Uniswap Labs, among dozens of state-level blockchain coalitions and university blockchain clubs spanning all 50 states.

“Digital asset markets are global, growing, and central to the future of financial infrastructure,” the letter states. “The question before Congress is whether that future will be built in the United States — under U.S. law, U.S. oversight, and American values — or continue moving to offshore jurisdictions with less transparency, weaker consumer protections, and limited accountability.”

The letter was led by four organizations: Stand With Crypto Executive Director Mason Lynaugh, Blockchain Association CEO Summer Mersinger, Crypto Council for Innovation CEO Ji Hun Kim, and Digital Chamber CEO Cody Carbone. 

The coalition argues that the Clarity Act would establish a federal framework for digital asset markets, clarify regulatory responsibilities between the SEC and CFTC, create registration pathways for market participants, and extend protections to software developers.

The letter positions the bill as one built on years of bipartisan education and stakeholder engagement. 

“Durable policy must be built across party lines, especially when it will shape the future of American financial markets,” the signatories wrote, pointing to the Senate Banking Committee’s recent passage of the bill as validation that consensus is within reach.

Where the Clarity Act stands right now

The Clarity Act — short for the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act — passed the House of Representatives in July 2025 by a bipartisan vote of 294-134. The bill stalled twice in the Senate, including a January 2026 episode when Coinbase withdrew support over a proposed ban on stablecoin rewards.

The Senate Banking Committee cleared the bill on May 14, 2026, by a 15-9 vote. Democrats Ruben Gallego of Arizona and Angela Alsobrooks of Maryland joined Republicans in supporting the measure. 

The bill aims to resolve a long-standing regulatory turf dispute between the SEC and CFTC by establishing clear definitions for when digital asset tokens qualify as securities, commodities, or other categories.

Remaining obstacles include contested DeFi provisions, ethics language that would bar senior government officials from profiting on crypto holdings during their tenure, and the question of whether community bank deregulatory provisions will be attached to the bill. 

Some Democrats, led by Sen. Elizabeth Warren, have argued the bill’s anti-money-laundering measures are not strong enough.

The clock is a factor. Analysts at Galaxy Digital put the bill’s chances of becoming law at 60% following the committee vote, but noted the window before August recess leaves only weeks for Senate consideration, reconciliation with the Agriculture Committee version, and a final House vote before it reaches President Trump’s desk.

The coalition’s letter frames the stakes plainly: “With the Clarity Act, the Senate has a chance to ensure the next generation of financial infrastructure is built, governed, and regulated in America.”

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